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Low cost point of care medical diagnostics for the third world market
Issue The global health landscape in developing nations is rapidly shifting away from one dominated by infectious diseases to one characterized by various chronic conditions, such as cardiovascular diseases, kidney failure, cancer and diabetes. Most of these diseases are treatable but almost always go undiagnosed. Solution The aim of the project was to develop a point-of-care (POC)…testing cost. Two prototypes of colour sensors were developed. 1. A cost-effective colour sensor using off-the-shelf components 2. A commercially available NODE Chroma that was modified for this application. Both devices are capable of precise and accurate health markers screening at a reduced cost. The colour sensor device is capable of interpreting colour signals via red, green, blue and clear colour. Colour readings are taken at the beginning and end of an assay to provide initial and final values for calculations,…
Family interpersonal psychotherapy intervention for caregivers of children with nodding syndrome to improve the mental health of both
Issue Nodding syndrome (NS), a neuropsychiatric syndrome, continues to affect thousands of children in post-conflict northern Uganda and other post conflict-settings in Africa, such as South Sudan. No family mental health intervention has been described for the families of NS children who bear the high burden of looking after the affected children. Solution The project tested a family-based group interpersonal psychotherapy intervention (IPT-F) with families of children with NS. A study was designed to investigate the effectiveness of IPT-F for caregivers of patients with Nodding Syndrome (NS) on improving the mental health of both the caregivers and patients, compared to…
Point-of-Care Technology for the Diagnosis of Multiple Diseases: A Solution to the Disease Overtreatment Problem
Issue Reliable disease detection is important to prevent unnecessary deaths and is also important to prevent overtreatment of disease. But in developing countries, patients presenting clinical signs of a specific illness are treated with no laboratory results for confirmation, leading to overtreatment due to misdiagnosis. Solution The project aimed to show that optical devices could be used as sensors for biomolecules that are indicative of…
Combining technologies innovatively to reduce rape and HIV
Issue Rape is a major risk factor for HIV, although a dearth of research makes it impossible to quantify the links between rape and disproportionate levels of infection among women in countries with the highest HIV prevalence rates. Understanding the barriers to reporting rape is necessary for prevention, but sexual violence research is severely restricted: …a tool that dramatically reduces inhibitions to reporting rape, by permitting respondents to answer questions in seclusion, in any language, posed by impersonal, non-judgmental computers. CAVIA was designed for adults over 18 years of age of either gender, without restrictions due to language, literacy, familiarity with computers or cell phones, or proximity to a central…as a relaxed and non-intrusive one. CAVIA greatly reduces the amount of time and the number of highly skilled professionals normally required to conduct research. It opens up research to non-readers, members of minority language groups, people unfamiliar with computers, and rural populations without electricity or access to the Internet, all of whom are severely…
Rapid molecular assay for Early Detection of Dengue in Primary Care Setting
Issue Dengue fever is the most common cause of acute illness requiring hospitalization in Indonesia. There is a need for an appropriate tool to confirm dengue in fever patients at the primary care level, to readily differentiate them from those with other, less-dangerous illnesses. While diagnosis of dengue can be confirmed using NS1 antigens, this …team hybridized PCR product with dengue probes, dropped it onto the membrane sticks (with gold conjugate on it) and added the running buffer. The reactions gave positive signals for all dengue serotypes. Outcome Compared with a standard PCR machine, the OpenPCR machine yielded inferior results. In addition, the testing of the lateral flow assay yielded…
STREAMS: Strengthening the relationship between primary care nurses and community health workers using technology-enabled home visits for pregnant women
Burkina Faso is one of the world’s poorest countries. Despite free prenatal care, access to care remains an issue for rural women, as this often means walking for an entire day through harsh conditions. As a consequence, nearly 70 percent of expectant mothers receive only 1 of the 4 recommended visits, putting themselves and their …will create an empowering environment for rural women and serve as a model that can be expanded beyond pregnancy and to isolated communities globally. The initiative has the confirmed backing and political support from local, regional and ministerial health authorities, buy-in from industry, and access to data management software, which are essential for future scaling-up.
Saving 1 million mothers and children with affordable, needle-free, painless anemia-screening
…Anemia affects 1.6 billion people worldwide and causes more than 1 million deaths per year, mostly women and children in low-resource settings in the developing world. Treatment for anemia is well known and widely available. The problems include timely detection, regular monitoring and compliance of treatment. Solution ToucHb empowers village health workers in the developing world with a simple, needle-free, hand-held, battery-operated device to quickly check for and periodically monitor hemoglobin levels in women and children at the point of care. Proof of concept for this non-invasive anemia device consisted of developing and refining the ToucHb device, validating it in both clinical and field settings, and setting up processes to comply with ISO 13485 and European regulatory standards. Outcome The project resulted in the development and validation of a robust, affordable and accurate, non-invasive anemia screening…
Breaking the Chain: decreasing the risks for babies born to HIV-infected adolescent mothers
This project proposes an innovative approach to decrease the risks of babies born to HIV-infected adolescent mothers, to improve long-term outcomes. The project utilizes HIV-positive "Mentor Mothers", trained as peer counsellors to provide care and support to HIV-positive adolescent mothers and their children up to age two, through weekly home visits, daily SMS reminders, assistance at facilities and support groups. The young mother receives nutritional supplements for babies over six months, information and psychosocial support, providing the knowledge, support and skills to enhance her child's physical, cognitive and well-being, and helping prevent mother-to-child transmission…
Near infrared spectroscopy: A rapid technique for detection of Zika and dengue infections in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes
Accurate detection of arboviruses in mosquitoes is critical in determining the force of infection, monitoring the efficacy of interventions, and allocating appropriate resources to transmission hotspots. To date, no technique for arbovirus detection has been shown practical, cost effective, and rapid enough to be scaled up for arbovirus surveillance by mosquito-borne disease control programs.Our team proposes to test the ability of near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) for the surveillance of arbovirus infections in mosquitoes.…
Using mobile phones to conduct mass screening for, and deliver help to, people suffering depression and anxiety in Karachi
Depression is the most frequently encountered mental health disorder in Pakistan. Due to the stigma associated with mental health diseases, those who suffer often remain undiagnosed, misdiagnosed or untreated. There is an urgency to develop new interventions to increase early detection and treatment of mental illness, especially in the case of disease co-morbidity. The widespread use of mobile phones provides a unique opportunity for the implementation of mHealth in Pakistan, allowing cost-effective, efficient and integrated screening and detection, analysis and follow-up in a context of high patient volumes. This project will focus on three community-based lung health centres in Karachi, a city with an estimated population of 20 million.…